Most nurse leadership studies have concentrated on a classical, heroic, and hierarchical view of leadership. However, critical leadership studies have argued the need for more insight into leadership in daily nursing practices. Nurses must align their professional standards and opinions on quality of care with those of other professionals, management, and patients. They want to achieve better outcomes for their patients but also feel disciplined and controlled. To deal with this, nurses challenge the status quo by showing rebel nurse leadership. (...) In this paper, we describe 47 nurses’ experiences with rebel nurse leadership from a leadership‐as‐practice perspective. In eight focus groups, nurses from two hospitals and one long‐term care organization shared their experiences of rebel nurse leadership practices. They illustrated the differences between “bad” and “good” rebels. Knowledge, work experience, and patient‐driven motivation were considered necessary for “good” rebel leadership. The participants also explained that continuous social influencing is important while exploring and challenging the boundaries set by colleagues and management. Credibility, trust, autonomy, freedom, and preserving relationships determined whether rebel nurses acted visibly or invisibly. Ultimately, this study refines the concept of rebel nurse leadership, gives a better understanding of how this occurs in nursing practice, and give insights into the challenges faced when studying nursing leadership practices. (shrink)

ARISTOTLE'S DESCRIPTION OF GOD'S ACTIVITY as νόησις νοήσεως, a "thinking of thinking," in chapters 7 and 9 of Metaphysics 12 raises some of the most significant and challenging questions in philosophy. These and other related chapters surely deserve Whitehead's praise in his own chapter on God in Science and the Modern World, where he accords to Aristotle "the position of the greatest metaphysician," adding, concerning Aristotle's God, "in his consideration of this metaphysical question [Aristotle] was entirely dispassionate; and he is (...) the last European metaphysician of first-rate importance for whom this claim can be made.... It may be doubted whether any properly general metaphysics can ever, without the illicit introduction of other considerations, get much farther than Aristotle.". (shrink)

Objective of the study: To analyze the costs and profits of sugarcane production regarding the cultural practices of sugarcane suppliers. Methodology/approach: This study positions itself in this gap by comparatively analyzing 6 types of cultural practices: unraveling, windrowing, application of correctives, herbicides, insecticides and fertilizers, with the option of two systems Fixed rate (TF) and Variable rate (TV). Originality/Relevance: Brazil is a world reference in sugarcane production, with the State of São Paulo being the largest Brazilian producer. However, for sugarcane (...) suppliers to maintain this activity there is a need to reduce production costs and increase profitability/ha. However, there is a theoretical-practical gap in the financial assessment (costs and profits) of different cultural practices inherent to sugarcane production. Main results: The results demonstrated that the costs of cultural practices represent more than 30% of the total sugarcane production costs. The TF system proved to be more cost-efficient in the following operations: correctives, herbicides and insecticides. In the application of fertilizers, the TV system, in broadcast mode, had the best result. Finally, the profit/ton was R$1.70, demonstrating a very low profit margin/ha given the risk of the activity. Theoretical/methodological contributions: The sample for this research comprised 55 sugarcane suppliers from the State of São Paulo, whose data were obtained through a survey. The comparative analysis was based on the difference in costs of cultural practices and the estimation of the level of certainty (profit/costs), analyzed through the cumulative frequency carried out through the Monte Carlo Simulation (SMC). (shrink)

This paper reports on an investigation of issues surrounding the use of ethical codes/codes of conduct in Irish based companies. Using a comprehensive questionnaire survey, the paper examines the incidence, content and enforcement of codes of conduct among a sample of the top 1000 companies based in Ireland. The main findings indicate that the overall usage of codes of conduct amongst indigenous Irish companies has increased significantly from 1995 to 2000. However, in line with prior research, these codes focus primarily (...) on issues surrounding company and employee protection as opposed to society protection. Almost half of all codes are written by company personnel or provided by head office. Revisions of codes are common but formal ongoing methods of instructing new staff about codes are not prevalent. Less than one-third of companies with codes have formal channels for reporting violations but a high percentage have formal disciplinary procedures in place for breaches of codes. (shrink)

In order to train healthcare professionals in the announcement of serious medical diagnoses, we propose the de-sign of a section of a website that aims to enable caregivers to better control this professional activity that they dread. These diagnoses materialize through language interactions between doctors and patients that are emotion-ally charged. The analysis of these announcement interviews involves access to interactions that are as close as possible to those that take place in real work situations through role-playing. We will show (...) that the design of the website based on the architectural dimension (functional structure of the activity), the relational dimension (roles, co-constructed communication contract) and the communicational dimension (mobilized language processes) allows to identify this sensitive professional activity in its characteristic aspects. Based on a study commissioned by the Ligue contre le cancer, we will show how and in what way the identified dimensions have formative potential and we will highlight their contribution to improving the understanding of the activity and developing training materi-als. (shrink)

O presente texto propõe-se a refletir, no rastro de Arendt, sobre o declínio da política na modernidade diante de sua redução à administração da vida e das necessidades vitais. Para tanto, discutiremos a “moderna alienação do mundo” fomentada pela ascensão do trabalho e da vida, e refletiremos sobre a redução da política à administração da vida diante do advento do social e da vitória do animal laborans. Pressupõe-se que, examinarmos tais categorias nos permite observar o ocaso da política na era (...) moderna e a sua transformação em biopolítica, e, ademais, como esta categoria segue na contramão da noção política da autora. Para a metodologia, realizamos uma exegese filosófica das obras referencias, especialmente a obra A Condição Humana (1958), de Hannah Arendt. (shrink)

English summary: This book examines the philosophy of Elisabeth of Bohemia in conjunction with Descartess. She maintained a philosophical dialogue with another philosopher employing pertinent arguments. In addition, she perhaps developed her own theses, truly philosophical theses which can be better understood in consideration with her numerous correspondents. The study seeks to better understand Elisabeths role in Cartesian thought, and to determine her own philosophical thought. French description: Le titre meme de ce volume, sous forme d'interrogation, est a comprendre comme (...) un postulat. Il s'explique comme suit : il s'agit de s'interroger sur la pensee philosophique d'Elisabeth tout autant que sur celle de Descartes. La reflexion d'Elisabeth semble en effet posseder une dimension philosophique a deux titres au moins : d'abord parce que la princesse entretient un dialogue philosophique de haute tenue avec un autre philosophe, en deployant des arguments pertinents; ensuite parce qu'elle developpe peut-etre elle-meme des theses qui lui sont personnelles, qui seraient des theses au sens fort et pleinement philosophique du terme, et dont l'etude pourrait etre affinee par la prise en consideration de ses tres nombreux autres correspondants. Reste un scrupule : celui de trahir le souhait meme d'Elisabeth de cantonner ses echanges intellectuels au plan prive, en la propulsant en pleine lumiere et en lui faisant endosser une posture philosophique qu'elle a soigneusement evitee de son vivant. Qu'on songe qu'elle voulait que cet echange soit code! Mais comme le premier traitre fut Descartes lui-meme, transmettant les lettres d'Elisabeth a Christine de Suede, considerons-nous comme habilites, en bons cartesiens, a divulguer la pensee de la princesse palatine. C'est a ce prix en effet, que nous pourrons redefinir le role de cette derniere dans le cartesianisme, determiner s'il existe une pensee propre d'Elisabeth et enfin, si elle existe, savoir en quoi elle consiste. (shrink)

The article proposes to analyse whether the current configuration of national migration legislation from Arendt's perspective on the universalization of human rights and Agamben's reflections on bare life and the state of exception demonstrates its capacity to protect the human rights of people undergoing forced migration. To this end, a literature review of a bibliographical nature was used, using the historical procedure method. In order to interpret the effectiveness of the current configuration of the human rights of this vulnerable group, (...) an analysis of international and national legislation on migration was carried out, focusing mainly on the case of the New Brazilian Migration Law. To this end, a theoretical discussion was built to understand how human rights are framed considering the situation of migration and statelessness in the face of an increasingly prevalent state of exception. It was noted that the constitutive fragility of forced migrants is a perennial situation, aggravated by the political inaction of nation states. It has also been noted that there is a need for states and international organizations to adopt new practices to promote the human dignity of forced migrants. (shrink)

Electronic text edition of Giambattista Vico, De nostri temporis studiorum ratione, in Latin. It includes the page numbers of the original edition of 1709, available among the online resources of the ISPF web portal www.giambattistavico.it.

La Doctrina penal contemporánea recurre al principio de ultima ratio para satisfacer la tarea principal de reducir al máximo la arbitrariedad del Derecho penal, pues a través de su significado, la legitimidad del delito y de la pena se somete a la condición de la inexistencia axiológica y empírica de otros recursos jurídicos menos drásticos para solventar idóneamente el conflicto que genera su apertura. No obstante, la deriva punitivista en que ha degenerado la necesaria expansión del Derecho penal en la (...) sociedad del riesgo, pone en duda su verdadera capacidad limitadora, especialmente por su escasa vinculación a los poderes públicos. Pero nada más lejos de la realidad, el desarrollo actual de la Dogmática de los Derechos Fundamentales permite a la Doctrina penal afirmar que, en el Estado constitucional, el Derecho penal mínimo es a su vez el Derecho penal máximo permitido por la Constitución. (shrink)

Trata-se de uma tradução do texto Künstler und Psychoanalyse de Hermann Hesse, incluso no Almanach der Psychoanalyse, que foi publicado pela Internationaler Psychoanalytischer Verlag de Wien em 1926.

There are several theses in political science that are usually explicitly called ‘laws’. Other theses are generally thought of as laws, but often without being explicitly labelled as such. Still other claims are well-supported and arguably interesting, while no one would be tempted to call them laws. This situation raises philosophical questions: which theses deserve to be called laws and which not? And how should we decide about this? In this paper we develop and motivate a strategy for thinking about (...) laws in political science which integrates two core concepts: spatio-temporal stability and social mechanisms. The proposed strategy is a set of guidelines that political scientists can use to reflect on and argue about specific cases within their discipline, not a clear-cut demarcation criterion. We defend and motivate this strategy and apply it to two cases (one with respect to state repression, one about parliamentary elections). After we have developed and motivated our strategy for political science, we show that our proposal is relevant for other disciplines in the social sciences. We explain how our views fit into critical realism and embed them in the debate on laws in general philosophy of science and in the philosophy of the social sciences. (shrink)

Quelle est la tâche – plutôt que la contribution – de la philosophie à l’égard du langage? Dans cet article, il s’agit de revisiter la réponse de Paul Ricœur à cette question, à partir de son texte “Philosophie et langage.” Ricœur assigne à la philosophie la tâche de se réapproprier la triple médiation langagière: “chemin” du langage vers monde, “chemin” du langage vers le sujet et “chemin” du langage vers la communauté humaine. Partant de l’expérience concrète des sujets parlants, Ricœur (...) s’oppose à la clôture systémique présupposée par la conception structuraliste du langage, qui suspend la fonction de la référence dans la relation de signification. À partir d’une conception élargie de la référence – qui inclut la fonction poétique du langage –, le philosophe dégage de la notion de “monde du texte” la dimension ontologique constitutive du langage: dans sa fonction poétique, en effet, le langage révèle, selon lui, les possibilités multiples de notre mode d’existence. Nous montrons enfin que c’est à travers la notion d’attestation que Ricœur établit une connexion entre la réouverture de la triple médiation du langage et l’élaboration de cette nouvelle ontologie. (shrink)

O artigo traz uma discussão acerca da utilização do conceito de identificação por Adorno. A partir disso procuramos dar ênfase para o tema da crítica e da negação da cultura possibilitadas pela apropriação da psicanálise realizada pelo autor. A aplicação do conceito permite analisar o processo de assimilação do indivíduo no capitalismo tardio. Uma vez que a cultura é transformada em mercadoria, e assim absorve o ritmo idêntico e repetitivo da produção mecanizada, que transmite aos indivíduos através dos produtos que (...) consomem e das celebridades com as quais se identificam. Nesse contexto, cresce o sentimento de impotência individual gerado por um modelo de organização social que dissimula suas contradições a partir da identidade do indivíduo com a cultura. E revela a união entre progresso e barbárie que promove o declínio do indivíduo como foi exposto na Dialética do Esclarecimento. Como sugere Adorno, diante da irracionalidade da cultura moderna, cabe à educação a tarefa de autorreflexão crítica e de esclarecimento dos indivíduos. De maneira a convidá-los a pensar na falsa realidade em que estão inseridos e de contrapor impotência com autonomia. (shrink)

O presente artigo tem como objetivo analisar a problemática inserida no discurso coaching alinhada à lógica neoliberal, o impacto deste pensamento na trajetória dos jovens em formação pelo Programa de Trabalho Protegido na Adolescência (PTPA) e de que modo esse discurso remodela os aspectos da subjetividade do sujeito em desenvolvimento. Para tanto contou-se com material de fonte primária obtido em atividade de pesquisa-ação denominada “Oficina dos Sonhos”, que contou com presença e participação direta dos adolescentes do PTPA que tiveram a (...) tarefa de pensar no local onde residem, como vivem e a perspectiva da transformação de modo lúdico e participativo. Assim, a oficina foi realizada pelo Observatório de Políticas Públicas para Adolescência, projeto de extensão da UERJ, e tornou-se relevante para compreender como a visão social e cultural do adolescente em diferentes contextos pode moldar a realidade dos sujeitos. Este estudo propõe, portanto, analisar a realidade do adolescente inserido na contradição do Estado capitalista, compreender limites, desafios e possibilidades de acesso ao primeiro emprego com condições dignas e tendo seus direitos garantidos, bem como a garantia à construção e continuação de projetos de vida. (shrink)

Numerosas expresiones lingüísticas son producidas por los profesionales de las áreas de la Educación y Psicología para designar al sujeto con discapacidad. Nuestra mirada se centró en los discursos que se balizan en un lenguaje analítico y heurístico perteneciente al universo de la normalidad de la razón analítica. En contra de esta propuesta dialogamos con Wittgenstein sobre producción de sentido y de Vygotsky sobre mediación semiótica. Palabras claves: producción de sentido; mediación semiótica, discapacidad, inclusión.

Maine de Biran, iniciador de la llamada filosofía espiritualista francesa, es el descubridor del tacto interno. Lo táctil se opone a lo visual, y es el origen profundo de la intuición. Marc Richir acoge con entusiasmo esta idea filosófica de tacto interno, y explica que es un contacto incorporal, inmaterial, sin espacio ni tiempo; es la no-adherencia del sí a las cosas mismas, como resultado exigido por la trascendencia absoluta. Se establece, a continuación, un paralelismo entre Maine de Biran y (...) Marc Richir, como filósofos contrapuestos en los dos lados de un nivel fenomenológico intermedio: el nivel de las fantasías perceptivas y de la identidad de lo transposible. Es el nivel medio que ya predijo, en la Antigüedad, Ovidio, en un verso famoso: «Medio tutissimus ibis», («Irás más seguro por en medio»). (shrink)

El artículo revisa la diversificación de formas de religiosidad, y se plantea analizar el fenómeno de lo sagrado en el contexto de las prácticas sociales, buscando comprenderlo en sus manifestaciones espaciales y como configurador de relaciones sociales en el proceso de construcción territorial. Afirma que la estructuración de la vida colectiva ha tenido desde un inicio una tentativa integradora con la totalidad cósmica a través del espíritu religioso, siendo esto lo que ha otorgado sentido al mundo, lo que sigue manifestándose (...) en las territorialidades de lo sagrado de este tiempo presente. (shrink)

A word often expresses many different morphological functions. Which part of a word contributes to which part of the overall meaning is not always clear, which raises the question as to how such functions are learned. While linguistic studies tacitly assume the co-occurrence of cues and outcomes to suffice in learning these functions (Baer-Henney, Kügler, & van de Vijver, 2015; Baer-Henney & van de Vijver, 2012), error-driven learning suggests that contingency rather than contiguity is crucial (Nixon, 2020; Ramscar, Yarlett, Dye, (...) Denny, & Thorpe, 2010). In error-driven learning, cues gain association strength if they predict a certain outcome, and they lose strength if the outcome is absent. This reduction of association strength is called unlearning. So far, it is unclear if such unlearning has consequences for cue–outcome associations beyond the ones that get reduced. To test for such consequences of unlearning, we taught participants morphophonological patterns in an artificial language learning experiment. In one block, the cues to two morphological outcomes—plural and diminutive—co-occurred within the same word forms. In another block, a single cue to only one of these two outcomes was presented in a different set of word forms. We wanted to find out, if participants unlearn this cue's association with the outcome that is not predicted by the cue alone, and if this allows the absent cue to be associated with the absent outcome. Our results show that if unlearning was possible, participants learned that the absent cue predicts the absent outcome better than if no unlearning was possible. This effect was stronger if the unlearned cue was more salient. This shows that unlearning takes place even if no alternative cues to an absent outcome are provided, which highlights that learners take both positive and negative evidence into account—as predicted by domain general error-driven learning. (shrink)

Uma das abordagens que estuda o construto da motivação é a teoria da autodeterminação, que discrimina diferentes estilos motivacionais: desmotivação, motivação extrínseca e motivação intrínseca. Este estudoobjetivou identificar motivações de acadêmicos de um curso de Educação Física do estado São Paulo, Brasil, para participarem de uma capacitação em natação para pessoas com deficiência físicas, bem como a motivação para atuação como tutores desse mesmo grupo. Trata-se de um estudo qualitativo realizado por meio de entrevistas semiestruturadas. Participaram 20 acadêmicos do curso (...) de Educação Física,divididos em: capacitação teórica – CT e capacitação teórica associada a tutoria em natação adaptada-CTP. Após análise, as seguintes categorias e subcategorias foram estabelecidas: motivação extrínseca (objetivos ou ganhos futuros; decorrente de fatores externos e vinculada à recompensa ou punição) e desmotivação (sentimentos e percepções). Conclui-se que os principais fatores que motivaram os acadêmicos estiveram vinculados à motivação extrínseca. (shrink)

Features of threatening cues and the associated context influence the perceived imminence of threat and the defensive responses evoked. To provide additional knowledge about how the directionality of a threat (i.e. directed-towards or away from the viewer) might impact defensive responses in humans, participants were shown pictures of a man carrying a gun (threat) or nonlethal object (neutral) directed-away from or towards the participant. Cardiac and electrodermal responses were collected. Compared to neutral images, threatening images depicting a gun directed-towards the (...) participant induced sustained bradycardia and an increased electrodermal response, interpreted as immobility under attack. This defensive immobility reaction is evoked by high perceived threat and inescapable situations and indicates intense action preparation. Pictures of guns directed-away from the participant induced shorter bradycardia and no significant modulation of the electrodermal response compared to neutral pictures, which might be consistent with the perception of a less threatening situation. The results show that the directionality of threat stimuli is a key factor that prompts different patterns of defensive responses. (shrink)

Partiendo de la invitación hecha por el Papa Juan Pablo II en su Carta Apostólica "Tertio Millennio Adveniente" a reflexionar sobre la estrecha relación existente entre los misterios de la Encarnación y de la Eucaristía (perspectiva central del Jubileo 2000: TM 55), este trabajo estudia en profundidad las claves bíblicas y teológicas desde las que estos dos misterios que se pueden ver y considerar. Entre las muchas claves desde las que sería posible leer e interpretar estos misterios, este trabajo ha (...) seleccionado seis de ellas, que perfectamente aplicables a ambos misterios, y que constituyen el hilo conductor de la presente reflexión: el trinitario, el pascual, la unidad, la presencia mutuamente vinculante y redentora, la plenitud y las claves marianas. (shrink)

Resumo -/- A partir da experiência de produção de uma videoaula de Lógica em Libras (Testa, Moraes, Bizio e Caló, 2021) para o IFSP FILOLIBRAS, inserida no contexto do projeto ‘O Ensino de Filosofia para Surdos: elaboração de material didático em uma perspectiva de inclusão escolar’ (Moraes e Bizio, 2021), levantamos algumas questões relativas ao arcabouço teórico do projeto. Após introduzirmos as motivações do projeto, explicamos como sua metodologia foi tratada no contexto da aula de Lógica, expondo as principais dificuldades (...) e soluções encontradas. Através da análise desta experiência, pretendemos levantar subsídios teóricos para pesquisas futuras no tema, incluindo a produção de um curso inteiramente voltado para o ensino de Lógica em Libras, não apenas enquanto área da Filosofia, mas também enquanto área de estudo multi e transdisciplinar, propedêutica ao fomento do Pensamento Crítico. -/- Palavras-chave: Ensino de Lógica, Educação Especial, Pedagogia Bilíngue, Libras. -/- Abstract -/- Based on the experience of producing a video lesson on Logic in Libras (Testa, Moraes, Bizio and Caló, 2021) to the IFSP FILOLIBRAS, inserted in the context of the project ‘O Ensino de Filosofia para Surdos: elaboração de material didático em uma perspectiva de inclusão escolar’ (‘Teaching Philosophy for Deaf students: elaboration of didactic material in a perspective of inclusive education’, in a free translation) (Moraes and Bizio, 2021), we raise some questions regarding the theoretical framework of the project. After introducing the motivations of the project, we explain how the chosen methodology was considered in the context of the Logic class, exposing the main difficulties and solutions found. Through the analysis of this experience, we intend to raise theoretical subsidies for future research on the subject, including the production of a course entirely focused on the teaching of Logic in Libras, not only as an area of Philosophy but also as a multi and transdisciplinary area of study, propaedeutic to fostering Critical Thinking. -/- Keywords: Teaching Logic, Special Education, Bilingual Pedagogy, Libras. (shrink)

Este artigo pretende mostrar como, a partir da noção de “vizinhança comunicante” estabelecida por Franklin Leopoldo e Silva, poderemos compreender os principais temas da filosofia sartriana e a relação entre eles, tais como a relação entre metafísica e história, sujeito e objeto, (liberdade) absoluta e concreta, e ética e estética. Ao estender a expressão inicialmente cunhada para a relação entre filosofia e literatura em Sartre, pretendemos evidenciar que as noções de ambiguidade e tensão são fundamentais para termos uma chave de (...) leitura para todo o pensamento de Sartre. (shrink)

Este trabalho apresenta exemplos de emissoras de rádio nas Américas que desempenharam um papel fundamental no processo de resistência ao poder estabelecido em seus territórios, com destaque para relatos de experiências nas quais os elementos não-verbais se mostraram expressivos para os roteiros de programas radiofônicos. Um dos objetivos é traçar um painel histórico das rádios que se opuseram ao poder constituído no século XX.

Acerca de la imagen de tapa: Ritmos Primarios, la Subversión del Alma, de Hugo Aveta, 2013.